Source may refer to:

Research

Historical document Historical documents are original documents that contain important historical information about a person, place, or event and can thus serve as primary sources as important ingredients of the historical methodology. Significant historical documen ...

Historical source Historical source is an original source that contains important historical information. These sources are something that inform us about history at the most basic level, and are used as clues in order to study history. Historical sources can includ ...

Source (intelligence) A source or subsource in intelligence Intelligence has been defined in many ways: the capacity for abstraction, logic, understanding, self-awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, reasoning, planning, creativity, critical thinking, and p ...

or sub source, typically a confidential provider of non open-source intelligence *

Source (journalism) In journalism, a source is a person, publication, or knowledge other record or document that gives timely information. Outside journalism, sources are sometimes known as "news sources". Examples of sources include but are not limited to officia ...

, a person, publication, publishing institute or other record or document that gives information *

Source document A source document is a document in which data collected for a clinical trial is first recorded. This data is usually later entered in the case report form A case report form (or CRF) is a paper or electronic questionnaire specifically used in clin ...

, a document in which data collected for a clinical trial is first recorded *

Source text A source text is a text (sometimes oral) from which information or ideas are derived. In translation, a source text is the original text that is to be translated into another language. Description In historiography, distinctions are commonly m ...

, in research (especially in the humanities), a source of information referred to by citation **

Primary source In the study of history as an academic discipline, a primary source (also called an original source) is an artifact, document, diary, manuscript, autobiography, recording, or any other source of information that was created at the time under ...

, a first-hand written evidence of history made at the time of the event by someone who was present **

Secondary source In Scholarly method, scholarship, a secondary sourcePrimary, secondary and tertiary ...

, a written account of history based upon the evidence from primary sources **

Tertiary source A tertiary source is an index or textual consolidation of already published primary and secondary sourcesSources (website) Sources is a web portal for journalists, freelance writers, editors, authors and researchers, focusing especially on human sources: experts and spokespersons who are prepared to answer Reporters' questions or make themselves available for on-air ...

, a directory of expert contacts and media spokespersons *

Open source Open source is source code that is made freely available for possible modification and redistribution. Products include permission to use the source code, design documents, or content of the product. The open-source model is a decentralized sof ...

, a philosophy of dissemination of intellectual products

Law

Sources of international law International law, also known as "law of nations", refers to the body of rules which regulate the conduct of sovereign states in their relations with one another. Sources of international law include treaties, customary international law, inter ...

, the materials and processes out of which the rules and principles regulating the international community are developed *

Sources of law Sources of law are the origins of laws, the binding rules that enable any state to govern its territory. The term "source of law" may sometimes refer to the sovereign or to the seat of power from which the law derives its validity. Jurispruden ...

, the materials and processes out of which law is developed

Mathematics and physics

* Source, a point where the

divergence In vector calculus, divergence is a vector operator that operates on a vector field, producing a scalar field giving the quantity of the vector field's source at each point. More technically, the divergence represents the volume density of the ...

of a vector field is positive *

Source of a representation In mathematical finite group theory In abstract algebra, group theory studies the algebraic structures known as group (mathematics), groups. The concept of a group is central to abstract algebra: other well-known algebraic structures, such ...

, in finite group theory * Source, a terminal in a

field-effect transistor The field-effect transistor (FET) is a type of transistor that uses an electric field to control the flow of current in a semiconductor. FETs (JFETs or MOSFETs) are devices with three terminals: ''source'', ''gate'', and ''drain''. FETs contro ...

Current source A current source is an electronic circuit that delivers or absorbs an electric current which is independent of the voltage across it. A current source is the dual of a voltage source. The term ''current sink'' is sometimes used for sources f ...

, an electrical or electronic device that delivers or absorbs electric current *

Energy sources Energy development is the field of activities focused on obtaining sources of energy from natural resources. These activities include production of renewable, nuclear, and fossil fuel derived sources of energy, and for the recovery and reuse ...

, substances or processes with high concentrations of energy *

Ion source An ion source is a device that creates atomic and molecular ions. Ion sources are used to form ions for mass spectrometers, optical emission spectrometers, particle accelerators, ion implanters and ion engines. Electron ionization Electron ...

, a device that creates atomic and molecular ions *

Light source Light or visible light is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived by the human eye. Visible light is usually defined as having wavelengths in the range of 400–700 nanometres (nm), corresponding to frequencies of 750–420 terahe ...

, an object emitting light *

Point source A point source is a single identifiable ''localised'' source of something. A point source has negligible extent, distinguishing it from other source geometries. Sources are called point sources because in mathematical modeling, these sources can ...

, a single identifiable localised source of something *

Radioactive source A radioactive source is a known quantity of a radionuclide which emits ionizing radiation; typically one or more of the radiation types gamma rays, alpha particles, beta particles, and neutron radiation. Sources can be used for irradiation, wher ...

, a known quantity of a radionuclide which emits ionizing radiation * Sound source, an object emitting

sound In physics, sound is a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave, through a transmission medium such as a gas, liquid or solid. In human physiology and psychology, sound is the ''reception'' of such waves and their ''perception'' by the ...

Voltage source A voltage source is a two-terminal device which can maintain a fixed voltage. An ideal voltage source can maintain the fixed voltage independent of the load resistance or the output current. However, a real-world voltage source cannot supply unli ...

, any device or system that produces an electromotive force between its terminals

Computing and technology

Source (command) In a Unix shell, the full stop called the dot command (.) is a command that evaluates commands in a computer file in the current execution context. In C Shell, a similar functionality is provided as the source command, and this name is seen in "ext ...

, a UNIX command to execute commands from a file *

Communication source A source or sender is one of the basic concepts of communication and information processing. Sources are objects which encode message data and transmit the information, via a channel, to one or more observers (or receivers). In the strictest sen ...

, objects which encode message data and transmit the information *

Source code In computing, source code, or simply code, is any collection of code, with or without comments, written using a human-readable programming language, usually as plain text. The source code of a program is specially designed to facilitate the wo ...

, a file containing code for software written in a programming language * Source theory, any process that generates successive messages in

information theory Information theory is the scientific study of the quantification (science), quantification, computer data storage, storage, and telecommunication, communication of information. The field was originally established by the works of Harry Nyquist a ...

Source (programming language) Source is a family of sublanguages of JavaScript, developed for the textbook Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs, JavaScript Edition (SICP JS). The JavaScript sublanguages Source §1, Source §2, Source §3 and Source §4 are desig ...

, a family of sublanguages of JavaScript to support Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs, JavaScript Adaptation

Earth and life sciences

Inflow (hydrology) Inflow may refer to: * Inflow (hydrology), the water entering a body of water * Inflow (meteorology), the influx of warmth and moisture from air into storm systems * Capital inflows, in macroeconomics and international finance * Infiltration/Inflo ...

, the source of the water in a lake *

Source (hydrology) The headwaters of a river or stream is the farthest place in that river or stream from its estuary or downstream confluence with another river, as measured along the course of the river. It is also known as a river's source. Definition The ...

, the original point from which a river or stream flows *

Source rock In petroleum geology, source rock is rock which has generated hydrocarbons or which could generate hydrocarbons. Source rocks are one of the necessary elements of a working petroleum system. They are organic-rich sediments that may have been depos ...

s, rocks that have generated, or are capable of generating hydrocarbons * Source tissue, plant tissue serving as a source of nutrients; for example see

Somatic embryogenesis Somatic embryogenesis is an artificial process in which a plant or embryo is derived from a single somatic cell. Somatic embryos are formed from plant cells that are not normally involved in the development of embryos, i.e. ordinary plant tissue. N ...

Art and entertainment

Fictional entities

Source (comics) The Source is a metaphysical concept created by writer-artist Jack Kirby for his Fourth World series of comic books. It first appeared in '' New Gods'' #1 (February 1971). History The Source may be considered the consciousness of the DC Universe, ...

, a sentient entity who provides advice to the New Gods in the DC Multiverse * The Source (''Charmed''), a fictional character on the WB television series ''Charmed'' * The Source, a character in the 1978 US television sitcom ''

Quark A quark () is a type of elementary particle and a fundamental constituent of matter. Quarks combine to form composite particles called hadrons, the most stable of which are protons and neutrons, the components of atomic nuclei. All commonly o ...

Films

* ''The Source'' (1918 film), 1918 American drama directed by George Melford * ''The Source'' (1999 film), a 1999 documentary film about the Beat generation * ''The Source'' (2002 film), a 2002 science fiction film, also known as ''The Secret Craft'' in the UK and ''The Surge'' for its American DVD release * ''The Source'' (2011 film), a 2011 French film * '' Highlander: The Source'', the fifth film in the Highlander franchise

Games

Source (game engine) Source is a 3D game engine developed by Valve. It debuted as the successor to GoldSrc in 2004 with the release of '' Counter-Strike: Source'' and ''Half-Life 2''. Updates to Source were released in incremental versions, with the engine being succ ...

, a game engine developed by Valve **

Source 2 Source 2 is a video game engine developed by Valve. The engine was announced in 2015 as the successor to the original Source engine, with the first game to use it, ''Dota 2'', being ported from Source that same year. Since then, Valve's '' Artif ...

, the successor to Source * '' Counter-Strike: Source'', a 2004 complete remake of ''Counter-Strike'' using the Source game engine * '' Day of Defeat: Source'', a 2005 complete remake of ''Day of Defeat'' using the Source game engine

Literature

* ''The Source'' (novel), a 1965 novel by James A. Michener

Music

The Source (musician) The Source was originally an alias for the songwriting team of Anthony B. Stephens, Arnecia Michelle Harris and John Bellamy. Biography The Source wrote the 1986 single (music), single release "You Got the Love", which featured Candi Staton on ...

, the production identity of UK electronic music record producer John Truelove *

The Source (band) The Source established in 1993 in Trondheim, Norway, is a Norwegian jazz band known for its many recordings and collaborations in musical fusion concepts. Their Christmas concerts are considered a tradition in Norway. The band, a quartet was ma ...

, a Norwegian jazz band *

Subsource (band) Subsource are a British electronic music group. Their current sound is a fusion of dubstep and punk/metal genres and their lyrics have a theme of social commentary. The group has maintained a strong presence on the UK festival circuit due to t ...

, a British electronic music group * ''The Source'' (Ali Farka Touré album), 1993 album by Ali Farka Touré * ''The Source'' (Ayreon album), 2017 album by Arjen Anthony Lucassen's project Ayreon * ''The Source'' (Dizzy Gillespie album), 1973 live album by Dizzy Gillespie * ''The Source'' (Grandmaster Flash album), 1986 album by Grandmaster Flash * ''The Source'' (Jackie McLean album), 1973 album by American saxophonist Jackie McLean * ''The Source'' (Kendrick Scott album), 2007 album by jazz drummer Kendrick Scott * ''The Source'' (Tony Allen album), 2017 album by drummer Tony Allen * ''The Source'', 1969 jazz album by

Jimmy Scott James Victor Scott (July 17, 1925 – June 12, 2014), known professionally as Little Jimmy Scott or Jimmy Scott, was an American jazz vocalist known for his high natural contralto voice and his sensitivity on ballads and love songs. After ...

* ''The Source'' (oratorio), a 2014 oratorio by Ted Hearne * "The Source", a song by Built to Spill from their 1994 album ''

There's Nothing Wrong with Love ''There's Nothing Wrong with Love'' is the second full-length album released by American indie rock band Built to Spill.''There's Nothing Wrong with Love'' was recorded in May and June 1994, and released September 13, 1994, on the Up Records lab ...

'' * ''Source'' (album), a 2020 album by Nubya Garcia, or the title song * "Source", a song by Tycho from his 2016 album ''

Epoch In chronology and periodization, an epoch or reference epoch is an instant in time chosen as the origin of a particular calendar era. The "epoch" serves as a reference point from which time is measured. The moment of epoch is usually decided by ...

Periodicals

* ''Source'' (lifestyle magazine), a bi-monthly magazine published by the John Lewis Partnership * ''Source'' (photography magazine), a quarterly photography magazine * ''

The Source ''The Source'' is an American hip hop and entertainment website, and a magazine that publishes annually or . It is the world's longest-running rap periodical, being founded as a newsletter in 1988 by Jonathan Shecter. David Mays was the ma ...

'', a magazine of hip-hop music and culture * ''The St. Thomas Source'', a newspaper published in the

United States Virgin Islands The United States Virgin Islands,. Also called the ''American Virgin Islands'' and the ''U.S. Virgin Islands''. officially the Virgin Islands of the United States, are a group of Caribbean islands and an unincorporated and organized territory ...

The Source (newspaper) The Source Newspaper, also known in French as ''La Source'', is an intercultural newspaper in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Oce ...

Radio

The Source (network) The Source was a radio network operated in the 1970s and 1980s by the NBC Radio Network, with newscasts and features focusing on 18- to 34-year-olds. The network was sold, along with the rest of NBC's radio operations, to Westwood One in August 1 ...

, a radio network operated in the 1970s and 1980s by NBC *

WVUR-FM WVUR-FM, The Source 95 is the student-run college radio station of Valparaiso University in Valparaiso, Indiana. It broadcasts at 95.1 MHz FM and streams online at WVUR's website. The station features a range of students, staff, members of the ...

or "The Source", Valparaiso University's student-run radio station

Visual arts

* ''Source'' (1/3), public artwork by U.S. artist Tony Smith * ''The Source'' (Etrog), public artwork by artist Sorel Etrog * ''The Source'' (Ingres), an 1856 painting by Ingres * ''The Source'' (sculpture), an electronic moving sculpture at the London Stock Exchange * ''The Source'' (Courbet), an 1862 painting by French artist Gustav Courbet

Organizations

Source (International Information Support Centre) Source may refer to: Research * Historical document * Historical source * Source (intelligence) or sub source, typically a confidential provider of non open-source intelligence * Source (journalism), a person, publication, publishing institute o ...

, an international information support centre and digital library *

Source (UNSW) The University of New South Wales (UNSW), also known as UNSW Sydney, is a public university, public research university based in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is one of the founding members of Group of Eight (Australian universities), ...

, a community service provider that used to operate at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia *

Source Family Father Yod (pronounced ''Yōde''), or YaHoWha, born James Edward Baker (July 4, 1922 – August 25, 1975), was the American owner of one of the country's first health food restaurants, on the Sunset Strip in Los Angeles. He founded a spiri ...

(1922–1975), a commune outside of 1970's Hollywood *

Source Vagabond Systems Source Vagabond Systems Ltd. (brand: SOURCE) is known in the outdoor, trekking and sports market for sandals, hydration systems, packs and accessories and in the tactical market for hydration systems, packs, and its SOURCE Virtus Soldier System. ...

, an Israeli manufacturer using the brand "SOURCE" *

The Source (online service) The Source (Source Telecomputing Corporation) was an early online service, one of the first such services to be oriented toward and available to the general public. The Source described itself as follows: The Source was in operation from 1978 to ...

, an online service provider founded in 1979 *

The Source (retailer) The Source Electronics Inc., doing business as The Source (french: La Source), is a Canadian consumer electronics and cell phone retail chain. The chain goes back over 40 years in Canada, initially as Radio Shack and later as The Source by Circui ...

, a Canadian electronics store

Places

natural spring A spring is a point of exit at which groundwater from an aquifer flows out on top of Earth's crust (pedosphere) and becomes surface water. It is a component of the hydrosphere. Springs have long been important for humans as a source of fresh w ...

headwaters The headwaters of a river or stream is the farthest place in that river or stream from its estuary or downstream confluence with another river, as measured along the course of the river. It is also known as a river's source. Definition The ...

Les Sources Les Sources is a regional county municipality in the Estrie region of Quebec, Canada. The seat is the city of Val-des-Sources. Before April 22, 2006 it was known as Asbestos regional county municipality, and before August 1990 it was known as L' ...

( en, Sources), Estrie, Quebec, Canada; a regional county municipality *

Des Sources station Des Sources is a planned Réseau express métropolitain (REM) station in the city of Pointe-Claire Pointe-Claire (, ) is a Quebec local municipality within the Urban agglomeration of Montreal on the Island of Montreal in Canada. It is enti ...

( en, Sources station), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; a light rail station *

Boulevard Des Sources Des Sources Boulevard is a north-south artery located in the west of the island of Montreal, informally known locally as the West Island. The boulevard crosses the island completely from north to south. In the south, it starts at the intersect ...

( en, Sources Boulevard), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; a large street

Other uses

Operation Source Operation Source was a series of attacks to neutralise the heavy German warships – ''Tirpitz'', ''Scharnhorst'' and ''Lützow'' – based in northern Norway, using X-class midget submarines. The attacks took place in September 1943 at Kaaf ...

, a series of attacks on German warships in 1943 *

Absolute (philosophy) Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (; ; 27 August 1770 – 14 November 1831) was a German philosopher. He is one of the most important figures in German idealism and one of the founding figures of modern Western philosophy. His influence extends a ...

, or the source, as the absolute principle of being